Kodi mumadziwa bwanji za GLP-1?

1. Tanthauzo la GLP-1

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) ndi mahomoni opangidwa mwachilengedwe omwe amapangidwa m'matumbo mutadya. Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kagayidwe ka glucose polimbikitsa katulutsidwe ka insulin, kuletsa kutulutsidwa kwa glucagon, kuchedwetsa kutulutsa m'mimba, komanso kulimbikitsa kumva kukhuta. Zotsatira zophatikizikazi zimathandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwongolera kulemera. Synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists amatsanzira njira zachilengedwe izi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

2. Gulu mwa Ntchito

Kutengera ndi momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito, GLP-1 ndi ma analogi ake atha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo ogwira ntchito:

• Kuwongolera shuga m'magazi: Kumawonjezera kutulutsa kwa insulini poyankha kuchuluka kwa shuga pomwe imachepetsa katulutsidwe ka glucagon.
• Kuwongolera kudya: Kumagwira ntchito pakatikati paubongo kuti muchepetse kudya ndikuwonjezera kukhuta.
• Kuwongolera m'mimba: kumachepetsa kutulutsa m'mimba, kumatalikitsa kagayidwe kachakudya ndikuthandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga wa postprandial.
• Zopindulitsa pamtima: Ma GLP-1 receptor agonists awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zochitika zazikulu zamtima mwa odwala matenda ashuga.
• Kuwongolera kulemera: Pochepetsa chilakolako chofuna kudya komanso kulimbikitsa kuchepetsa ma calorie, ma analogi a GLP-1 amathandizira kuchepa thupi pang'onopang'ono komanso kosalekeza.

3. Makhalidwe a GLP-1
GLP-1 ili ndi theka lachilengedwe lalifupi kwambiri - mphindi zochepa chabe - chifukwa imawonongeka mwachangu ndi enzyme DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4). Kuti athane ndi izi, ofufuza azamankhwala adapanga ma agonists a GLP-1 omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali mongaSemaglutide, Liraglutide, Tirzepatide,ndiRetatrutide.

Mankhwala osinthidwawa amakulitsa ntchito kuchokera ku maora mpaka masiku kapena masabata, kulola kumwa kamodzi patsiku kapena kamodzi pa sabata.
Makhalidwe akuluakulu ndi awa:

• Zomwe zimadalira shuga: Zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia poyerekeza ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe a insulin.
• Njira ziwiri kapena zitatu (m'mankhwala atsopano): Matembenuzidwe ena apamwamba amayang'ana zolandilira zina monga GIP kapena glucagon receptors, kupititsa patsogolo phindu la kagayidwe kachakudya.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kachakudya: Kumachepetsa HbA1c, kumawonjezera mbiri ya lipid, komanso kumathandizira kuchepetsa thupi.

GLP-1 ndi ma analogi ake asintha kagayidwe kake kamakono pothana ndi matenda a shuga komanso kunenepa kwambiri nthawi imodzi - osapereka kuwongolera shuga m'magazi komanso mapindu anthawi yayitali amtima komanso kulemera.

4.Mayankho a GLP-1

5. Majekeseni a GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yoperekera, izi zikuphatikiza Liraglutide, Semaglutide, ndi Tirzepatide. Amayendetsedwa mosasunthika, tsiku lililonse kapena sabata iliyonse, ndikupereka kutsegulira kosalekeza kwa ma receptor kuti muchepetse kukhazikika kwa glucose ndikuchepetsa chilakolako.

5. Oral GLP-1 Receptor agonists
Njira yatsopano, monga Oral Semaglutide, imapatsa odwala mosavuta singano. Imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowonjezera mayamwidwe kuti ukhalebe ndi bioavailability ikatengedwa pakamwa, kuwongolera kutsata kwamankhwala.

6. Njira Zophatikizira (GLP-1 + Njira Zina)
Machiritso omwe akubwera amaphatikiza GLP-1 ndi GIP kapena glucagon receptor agonism kuti akwaniritse kuwonda kwakukulu komanso zotsatira za metabolic. Mwachitsanzo, Tirzepatide (apawiri GIP/GLP-1 agonist) ndi Retatrutide (atatu GIP/GLP-1/glucagon agonist) amaimira m'badwo wotsatira wa mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya.

Thandizo la GLP-1 likuwonetsa gawo losinthira pakuwongolera matenda osachiritsika a metabolic - kupereka njira yophatikizira yowongolera shuga wamagazi, kuchepetsa kulemera, komanso kuwongolera thanzi labwino.